Russian Diamonds
The phrase ‘Russian diamond’ has sometimes caused confusion. Of course, any regular diamond (whether natural or synthetic) from Russia could be called a Russian diamond. However, ‘Russian diamond’ is also the commercial name given to high-quality cubic zirconia crystals suitable for superior jewelry. In this case, Russian man made diamonds are gemstones which look superficially like a diamond, are sold and worn in the same way as diamonds, but which differs somewhat in its chemistry, physical properties, appearance (and price!) from either natural or synthetic diamonds.
So what is this cubic zirconia of which Russian diamonds are made? It is a synthetic gem: a heat-treated form of zirconium dioxide, which is a compound of the elements zirconium and oxygen. This compound forms a dense crystalline structure very similar to that of diamond but made of zirconium and oxygen atoms, whereas diamond is made of pure carbon. A ‘Russian diamond’ is therefore not made of the same basic substance as a diamond.
Like any other form of cubic zirconia, ‘Russian diamonds’ have a little more fire (color) in their sparkle than a regular diamond. They are not quite so hard, so they scratch more easily. They are a little denser than real diamonds, and do not sparkle quite so brilliantly. Having said all that, they are a good substitute for natural or synthetic diamonds – and usually cost much less, too.
Possibly you may find yourself in a situation in which you are unsure whether a ‘Russian diamond’ is an example of superior cubic zirconia (ie imitation diamond) or a genuine diamond from Russia. It may help to find out whether its chemical composition is zirconium dioxide, or carbon. If it is pure carbon, it is a diamond, whether natural or synthetic. If, however, a diamond-like gem is a particularly fine example of zirconium dioxide, it merits the name of ‘Russian diamond’.
These can very good gifts for your wife on her birthday or on Christmas.